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Jingdong book

民勤绿洲的开发与演变：近2000年来土地利用/土地覆盖变化研究

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Jingdong book

民勤绿洲的开发与演变：近2000年来土地利用/土地覆盖变化研究

Name: 民勤绿洲的开发与演变：近2000年来土地利用/土地覆盖变化研究
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3110110301
Price: 43.80 USD
Availability: OutOfStock

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民勤盆地是沙漠化发生的典型地区。本书综合运用历史地理学、考古学等研究方法，在遥感与地理信息系统技术的支持下，通过对历史文献、遥感影像、考古资料、野外考察、历史地图以及实验测年等资料的综合分析，重建了民勤盆地典型历史时期土地利用／土地覆盖格局，揭示了古绿洲的时空演变过程，并对古绿洲演变及沙漠化的成因进行了探讨；以遥感数据为主要信息源，以大致10年左右的时间问隔，系统地复原了近50年来民勤绿洲的演变过程。
本书可供从事沙漠与沙漠化、景观生态、历史地理、土地利用／土地覆盖变化、干旱区环境演变等方面研究的科研工作者参考，也可为石羊河流域生态环境治理提供借鉴。

Catalogue

前言
第一章土地利用/土地覆盖变化研究的意义
第一节土地利用/土地覆盖变化研究的科学意义
一、全球环境变化与人类活动
二、土地利用与土地覆盖变化
三、土地利用/土地覆盖变化与全球变化
第二节历史时期干旱区土地利用/土地覆盖变化研究的意义
一、历史时期土地利用/土地覆盖变化研究的意义
二、干旱区土地利用/土地覆盖变化研究的意义
三、民勤盆地开展土地利用/土地覆盖变化研究的必要性
第二章民勤盆地概况
第一节自然地理概况
一、石羊河流域
二、民勤盆地
第二节社会经济概况
一、概述
二、农业
三、工业
第三节民勤盆地的生态问题
一、生态问题的严重性
二、水资源问题
三、生态环境恶化
四、土地沙漠化严重
第三章土地利用/土地覆盖重建方法
第一节历史时期土地利用/土地覆盖重建方法
一、研究方法
二、文献资料手段
三、野外考察
四、遥感影像解译
五、考古学方法
六、样品测年
第二节遥感图像处理
一、处理环境
二、遥感资料
三、图像预处理
四、遥感影像增强处理
五、DEM与立体影像图制作
第三节历史时期土地利用/土地覆盖遥感解译方法
一、解译流程
二、解译标志的建立
三、影像解译
第四节近50年来土地利用/土地覆盖重建方法
一、研究方法与技术路线
二、土地利用/土地覆盖信息提取
第四章考古调查与遥感影像解译
第一节沙井文化遗迹调查
一、沙井文化遗迹的空间分布
二、典型沙井文化遗址调查
第二节古城址的考古调查
一、重点古城址调查
二、汉武威、宣威城址考证
第三节古墓葬、墓群调查
一、古墓群分布
二、古墓群简介
三、关于墓葬的时代
第四节长城遗迹调查
第五节古绿洲解译
第五章历史时期土地利用/土地覆盖重建
第一节水环境变迁概述
一、终端湖的演变
二、沙井一匈奴时期
三、历史时期
第二节沙井与匈奴时期的土地利用/土地覆盖
一、沙井文化时期
二、匈奴时期
第三节汉代土地利用/土地覆盖重建
一、绿洲开发
二、历史遗迹
三、土地利用/土地覆盖复原
第四节魏晋时期的土地利用/土地覆盖重建
一、绿洲开发
二、历史遗迹
三、土地利用/土地覆盖重建
第五节南北朝至元代的土地利用/土地覆盖状况
一、南北朝时期
二、隋代
三、唐代
四、西夏时期
五、元代
六、历史遗迹
七、土地利用/土地覆盖概况
第六节明代土地利用/土地覆盖状况重建
一、建制与疆域
二、土地利用措施
三、历史遗迹
四、土地开垦
五、干旱、洪涝与沙漠化
六、土地利用/土地覆盖状况
第七节清代至中华民国时期土地利用/土地覆盖重建
一、土地开发政策
二、土地垦殖
三、干旱、洪涝灾害与沙漠化
四、土地利用/土地覆盖情况
第八节历史时期的绿洲变化及成因分析
一、土地利用/土地覆盖的变化
二、垦殖绿洲的变化
三、绿洲变化的气候背景
四、变化成因分析
第六章近50年来的绿洲变化
第一节绿洲面积和位置的变化
一、绿洲面积的变化
二、绿洲空间位置的变化
三、绿洲时间上的变化
第二节变化成因分析
一、自然因素的变化
二、水资源及其利用情况的变化
三、绿洲化与荒漠化
四、社会经济因素的变化
五、近50年来绿洲变化成因
六、民勤绿洲变化调整对策
第七章结束语
一、基本结论
二、经验与教训
主要参考文献
彩图

Book Abstract

第一章土地利用/土地覆盖变化研究的意义
第一节土地利用/土地覆盖变化研究的科学意义
一、全球环境变化与人类活动
进入20世纪80年代，地球生态环境持续恶化，尤其是全球气候变化和臭氧层破坏等重大环境问题的发现，使人们认识到人类赖以生存和发展的环境正在发生急剧变化。温室气体过量排放造成的气候变化、广泛的大气污染和酸沉降、臭氧层的破坏、生物多样性减少、有毒有害化学品的污染危害及其越境转移、海洋污染和海洋生态系统的破坏等全球性环境问题的出现，与全球环境的变化密切相关，是全球环境变化的具体体现（孙成权、张志强，1996）。全球环境变化从根本上削弱和动摇了现代经济社会赖以存在和继续发展的基础（毛文永、文剑平，1993），将引发人类社会的一系列变化，如人口迁移和重新分布、生活方式的改变、经济系统的重构等，并最终影响到一个区域、一个国家，乃至全球可持续发展的模式、措施、目标和进程（陈泮勤、孙成权，1992）。伞球变化不仅关系到地球生态系统的发展，而且关系到全世界所有国家、每一个人，甚至子孙后代的发展（余谋昌，1992）。因此，全球变化已成为当前世界各国共同关心的重大问题。1986年，国际科学联合会理事会（ICSU）组织了以全球变化研究为核心的国际地圈一生物圈计划（International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme，IGBP），其主要科学目的是描述和了解控制整个地球系统关键的、相互作用的物理、化学和生物过程，支持生命的独特环境，以及出现在地球系统中、由人类活动诱发的重大全球变化和影响方式。……

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