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Jingdong book

法语语法梳理

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法语语法梳理

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《法语语法梳理》非常适合法语初中级读者和重拾法语学习的读者,囊括所有初、中级语法点。其中最为特色的是语法关键词索引(法汉双语,270条),能让读者迅速找到自己存有疑惑的语法点。平装,纸张轻而不透,208页仅1CM厚度,方便携带与查询。
Content Description

《法语语法梳理》适用于对法语已有初步了解的学习者,旨在为读者梳理知识、构建框架、完善细节,使其巩固并提高语言运用水平。

本书的主要特色为:
剖析例句:对于例句的简要分析能帮助读者理解知识难点,也能使其更直观地感受相似表达中的细微差别。
提纲挈领:每个章节最后设有言简意赅的要点小结,旨在为读者构建知识框架。
设置阶梯:讲解中补充了超出中级水平的知识点,为渴望突破的学习者铺下进步的台阶。
注重细节:在特别设置的专栏中提醒读者注意容易犯的错误,指出很多学习者在运用法语时常常忽略的细节。
精简练习:为了帮助读者自我检测对知识点的掌握程度,编者在每个章节中精心设置了适量具有针对性且标注难度等级的练习题。
便于查找:借助含270余个语法关键词的索引表,读者能迅速找到相关知识点;讲解中大量的参阅指引能帮助读者顺利地进行自主学习。

Author Description

让-米歇尔?罗贝尔是法国社会语言学教授,曾在法国HACHETTE,CLE等知名出版社出版多部法语教学著作。

Catalogue

1 Présentation 介绍
? Les pronoms sujets 主语代词
? Les articles 冠词
2 Les phrases simples 简单句
? La phrase affirmative et la phrase négative 肯定句和否定句
? La phrase interrogative et la phrase exclamative 疑问句和感叹句
3 Le genre et le nombre 阴阳性和单复数
? Le féminin 阴性形式
? Le pluriel 复数形式
4 La quantité 数量
? L’article partifit 部分冠词
? Les adverbes de quantité 数量副词
5 Se situer dans l’espaces et le tempas 空间和时间
? L’espace 空间
? Le temps 时间
6 Possessifs, démonstratifs et interrogatifs 主有词、指示词和疑问词
? Les possessifs 主有词
? Les démonstratifs et les interrogatifs 指示词和疑问词
7 L’adverbe et l’adjectif 副词和形容词
? L’adverbe 副词
? L’adjectif 形容词
8 Les pronoms compléments 宾语代词
? Les pronoms personnels 人称代词
? Les pronoms en et y 代词en与y
9 Les indéfinis 泛指词
? Les adjectifs et les pronoms indéfinis 泛指形容词和泛指代词
? Tout (toute/tous/toutes)
10 Phrases complexes et ordre des mots 复合句和句子的语序
? Les phrases complexes 复合句
? Ordre des mots 句子的语序
11 L’expression du futur 将来的表达法
? Le futur 将来
? Le passé du futur 将来的过去
12 Le passé achevé 完成体过去时
? Passé récent et passé composé 最近过去时和复合过去时
? L’accord du participe passé 过去分词的性数配合
13 L’expression du passé 过去的表达法
? L’imparfait 未完成过去时
? Le plus-que-parfait 愈过去时
14 Les temps du récit 叙述性过去时
? Le passé simple 简单过去时
? Le passé du passé 过去的过去
15 Le conditionnel 条件式
? Le conditionnel présent 条件式现在时
? Le conditionnel passé 条件式过去时
16 Le subjonctif 虚拟式
? Le subjonctif présent 虚拟式现在时
? Le subjonctif passé 虚拟式过去时
17 Subjonctif ou indicatif ? 虚拟式还是直陈式?
? Indicatif ou subjonctif 直陈式还是虚拟式
? Indicatif et subjonctif 直陈式和虚拟式
18 Donner une consigne, donner un ordre 下指示、发命令
? La phrase impérative 命令句
? L’ordre et la défense 命令与禁止
19 Les pronoms relatifs 关系代词
? Les pronoms relatifs simples 简单关系代词
? Les pronoms relatifs complexes 复合关系代词
20 Le discours rapporté 转述(间接引语)
? Du style direct au style indirect 直接引语转为间接引语
? La concordance des temps 时态的协调
21 Le passif 被动态
? Actif et passif 主动态和被动态
? Passif avec ou sans complément d’agent 被动态的施动者补语
22 Le participe présent et le gérondif 现在分词和副动词
? Le participe présent 现在分词
? Le gérondif 副动词
Corrigés 参考答案

Book Abstract

“索引”摘录 (原书含270余条索引,数字表示页码定位)

ACCORD 配合
Accord de l’adjectif
形容词的性数配合13,38
Accord du participe passé
过去分词的性数配合119
ADJECTIFS 形容词
Accord de l’adjectif
形容词的性数配合13,38
Adjectifs de couleur
表示颜色的形容词34,38
Adjectifs démonstratifs

指示形容词63



Adjectifs exclamatifs
感叹形容词29
Adjectifs indéfi nis
泛指形容词89
Adjectifs interrogatifs
疑问形容词64
Adjectifs possessifs
主有形容词59

Adjectif verbal et participe présent
动形容词和现在分词197





De ou des devant adjectif
形容词前用de还是des 76

Féminin des adjectifs
形容词的阴性形式33
Forme de l’adjectif
形容词的形式74

Place de l’adjectif
形容词的位置75

Pluriel des adjectifs
形容词的复数形式38


Pluriel des adjectifs numéraux

数字形容词( 数词) 的复数变化39

ADVERBES 副词
Adverbes de lieu
地点副词49
Adverbes de quantité
数量副词44
Adverbes de temps
时间副词53


Adverbes de temps au style direct et au style indirect

直接引语与间接引语中的时间副词184
Adverbes et négation
副词与否定45
Adverbes exclamatifs
感叹副词29

Comparatif
比较级72

Formation de l’adverbe
副词的构成69
Place de l’adverbe
副词的位置71
Superlatif
最高级72
Types d’adverbes
副词的种类69



  • c'est 和 il/elle est

ce用于介绍某人或某物。
C’est Sophie, elle est française. C’est une étudiante en médecine.
C’est la voiture de Marco, elle est confortable.
Ce sont Richard et Nancy, ils sont américains.
注意:在口语中,可用C’est Richard et Nancy.


c’est (ce sont)可后接专有名词(姓或名)、限定词( 冠词,主有词等)+ 名词、重读人称代词。
C’est Sven, c’est un ingénieur suédois.
Ce sont Pablo et sa s?ur Maria, ce sont des amis mexicains.
C’est Ronaldo, c’est un Brésilien. Le grand ami de l’étudiante cubaine, c’est lui.

注意:表示国籍的名词首字母必须大写,表示国籍的形容词和表示各个国家语言的名词则小写。

Le Brésilien parle espagnol avec son amie cubaine.


il est (ils sont), elle est (elles sont)可后接形容词或名词,名词前省略限定词(冠词,主有词等)。
Ronaldo est brésilien, il est journaliste.
Sven est ingénieur. Il est suédois.
Maria est grande et belle. Elle est musicienne.
Pablo et Maria sont mexicains, ils sont artistes.


c’est + adjectif与il (elle) est + adjectif,这两者在表意上存在区别。
Je passe un examen, il est diffi cile (l’examen est diffi cile).
Je passe un examen, c’est diffi cile (passer des examens est diffi cile).

注意:即使主语是复数形式,也要避免使用ce sont + adjectif的结构。

Je passe des examens, ils sont difficiles.
Je passe des examens, c’est difficile.


  • La place des doubles pronoms 双宾语代词的位置

当动词带有双宾语(COD和COI)时,两个宾语代词都置于动词之前,肯定命令句除外。

Alain nous a raconté le fi lm. Il nous (COI) l’ (COD) a raconté.
Viviane ne veut plus de la bague offerte par Alain. Elle la (COD) lui (COI) rend.


但两个宾语代词的位置并不是按功能确定的(不是COD + COI,也不是COI + COD),借助下面两个圆圈,可轻易掌握双宾语人称代词的顺序。


应在同一个圆圈内选用两个宾语代词,如me le, nous les, la leur, les lui都是可行的:Il nous le raconte(第一个圆圈内);Elle la lui rend(第二个圆圈内)。但不能跨圈选用,如te lui就是错误的;也不能在同一个半圈内选择两个代词,如me vous也是错误的。

Tu veux que je te présente mes parents? D’accord, je te les présenterai.
Tu veux que je te présente à mes parents? D’accord, je te présenterai.


在上述的后两种情况下,可以用介词à + 重读人称代词(à moi, à toi, à lui, à elle, à nous, à vous, à eux, à elles)。如果通过上下文语境能够明确所表达的意图时,可省略一个宾语。
On m’a recommandé à vous pour ce travail.
Je te présenterai (à mes parents / à eux).


(原书体例与格式更丰富:在“注意”处有标志,关键词汇有黑体。例句和翻译部分与正文部分在字体上也有所不同)

Introduction

本书为对外法语(FLE, fran?ais langue étrangère)语法教学辅导用书。适用对象为具有中等法语水平的专业或非专业学习者。旨在为读者梳理语法知识、构建知识框架、补充知识点,使其巩固并提高语言运用水平。



本书以简洁明晰的语言阐述语法规则,并配合地道准确的句子作为例证,帮助读者轻松掌握知识点。在阐述容易混淆的表达方式时,编者通过对例句的分析比较,使读者能够清晰地理解表达间的细微差别。



在编排上,本书采用循序渐进的方式,但这并不影响每个章节的独立使用。大量的参阅指引有助于读者开展自主学习。读者也可以借助“语法关键词索引表”迅速找到自己所需要查询的语法点。




除了基本的语法知识讲解外,本书另设有:




— 易错点提示:在每个知识点的学习中,编者会提醒读者注意易犯错之处或学习难点所在。其中许多细节是国内法语学习者很少注意到的,例如:
注意:当ami(e),copain, copine等词前面带有单数主有形容词时,指的是“petit (e) ami(e) (男女朋友),compagnon或compagne(伴侣,恋人)”。
C'est gentil de m'inviter à ton anniversaire. Je peux venir avec mon amie?
谢谢你邀请我参加你的生日聚会,我能带我女朋友来吗?




— 更上一层楼:为了满足较高层次的学习需求,编者补充了一些超出中级语法水平的知识点,为渴望突破的学习者铺下进步的台阶。例如:
POUR ALLER PLUS LOIN
表示颜色的形容词通常置于名词之后,如un ballon rouge, un ciel bleu。
但当表示颜色的形容词用于象征意义时,可置于名词之前,如faire grise mine(愁眉苦脸), les vertes années(青葱岁月)。




— 要点小结:以精炼的语言概括主要知识点,为读者建立知识框架;




— 自我测试:在每个单元后配合有针对性的练习,并明确标示难易程度,方便读者自我检查对知识的掌握程度。在本书最后附有练习答案,供读者参考。




本书由法籍专家精心编写,国内高校教师悉心翻译,希望它能成为各位读者法语学习中的好帮手。书中的疏漏恐难避免,还望各位读者、专家批评指正。

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Brand Origin China

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Jingdong book