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中韩纺织业竞争力比较

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中韩纺织业竞争力比较

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纺织业在中韩两国都是经济中的传统支柱产业,两国纺织产业都在世界上占有举足轻重的地位。特别是,韩国纺织业对世界市场流行的影响越来越明显。本论文将通过调查纺织企业收集数据对比两国纺织产业竞争力,本研究运用改进的波特钻石模型对比分析两国纺织产业的竞争力异同,以及竞争力的来源。
实证研究结果表明企业和产业竞争力来源于企业内部因素,无论企业处于产业链的何处,也无论企业的规模大小,更无论在哪个国家。企业的内部因素包括企业资源、战略、组织结构以及组织文化。企业外部因素包括需求市场、相关产业和政府,外部因素仅影响竞争力,但不能决定竞争力,尤其是数据分析表明与韩国相比中国政府支持力度高,但两国的竞争力并没有统计学意义上的差异。主要原因是两国企业内部因素差异很小。
这个研究结果对于两国的企业家非常有意义。尽管外部环境变化无常,但企业家应该致力于改进内部条件,包括企业内部资源的积累、职工的教育与培训、组织结构调整、加强职工之间的合作以提高组织效率,并且提高劳动生产率。对于政府来说,政府对产业的直接支持并不能提高产业竞争力,而政府应该扮演一个引导者和调解者的角色,保持本民族文化的传承和特征,鼓励研发和技术创新。
Catalogue

第一章 绪论
1.1 研究目的
1.2 研究范围
1.3 研究框架

第二章 中韩两国纺织产业的地位和特点
2.1 纺织产业的特征
2.2 中韩两国纺织产业发展历史
2.3 纺织产业在中韩两国的地位

第三章 国际竞争力理论研究
3.1 比较优势理论
3.2 竞争力和国家竞争优势:波特的钻石模型
3.3 其他学者关于竞争优势含义的研究
3.4 其他学者对形成企业竞争力的因素研究
3.5 钻石模型的发展
3.6 中国国内学者对纺织企业竞争力的研究

第四章 实证研究和中韩纺织业竞争力对比分析结果
4.1 改进的波特钻石模型和变量定义
4.2 研究假设和研究模型
4.3 衡量变量
4.4 数据收集
4.5 研究方法和假设检验
4.6 数据信度和结构效度检验
4.7 实证分析结果

第五章研究结论和启示
5.1 结论
5.2 启示
5.3 研究的创新性和进一步研究的方向

表格目录
表4-1 企业层面要素代替钻石模型的宏观要素
表4-2 因变量、自变量、衡量变量和相关研究
表4-3 问卷回答者的职务
表4-4 回答企业的数量和回收率
表4-5 中韩两国的平均劳动生产力和其它基本信息
表4-6 样本分类
表4-7 样本企业在不同分组中的数量分布
表4-8 假设与检验方法间的关系
表4-9 缩略语解释
表4-10 所有统计项目的信度检验
表4-11 结构效度检验
表4-12 要素构成
表4-13 要素分析结果
表4-14 中韩两个国家纺织产业对比的基本信息
表4-15 中韩两个国家纺织产业对比结果
表4-16 中韩两国纺织企业因素综合对比结果
表4-17 两个国家的各因素均值
表4-18 来自中国纺织企业的要素相关性分析
表4-19 来自韩国纺织企业的要素相关性分析
表4-20 来自中国企业的各要素对比
表4-21 多重共线性检验
表4-22 回归模型总结
表4-23 来自韩国企业的各要素对比
表4-24 多重共线性检验
表4-25 回归模型总结
表4-26 第一组假设检验结果(产业层面)
表4-27 中国纺织企业上中下游要素对比分析
表4-28 中国纺织企业上中下游要素多重对比结果
表4-29 韩国纺织企业上中下游要素对比分析
表4-30 韩国纺织企业上中下游要素多重对比结果
表4-31 两国问上游企业对比(基本信息)
表4-32 两国间上游企业对比结果
表4-33 两国间中游企业对比(基本信息)
表4-34 两国间中游企业对比结果
表4-35 两国间下游企业对比(基本信息)
表4-36 两国间下游企业对比结果
表4-37 第二组假设的检验结果(根据上中下游)
表4-38 中国纺织企业不同规模要素对比分析
表4-39 中国纺织企业不同规模要素多重对比结果
表4-40 韩国纺织企业不同规模要素对比分析
表4-41 韩国纺织企业不同规模要素多重对比结果
表4-42 两国间小企业对比(基本信息)
表4-43 两国间小企业对比结果
表4-44 两国间中型企业1对比(基本信息)
表4-45 两国间中型企业1对比结果
表4-46 两国间中型企业2对比(基本信息)
表4-47 两国间中型企业2对比结果
表4-48 第三组假设检验结果(根据企业规模)

图目录
图1-1 中国纺织品进出口量1990-2007
图1-2 韩国纺织品进出口量1990-2007
图1-3 两国从1990-2007年纺织产品进出口量对比的变化
图2-1 纺织产业中的供应链
图3-1 波特的钻石模型结构图
图3-2 基础资源方法战略分析:应用结构图
图4-1 改进的钻石模型
图4-2 组织经济行为的四种模式
图4-3 改进的双钻石模型(MDDM)
图4-4 在改进的双钻石模型中两国企业层面五因素的差异图
参考文献
致谢(英文)
附录1 中文问卷
附录2 英文问卷
附录3 韩文问卷
附录4 韩文摘要
后记
Book Abstract

要素条件,产品合成要素.相对于习惯认识,波特将要素分为普通要素(资源禀赋的要素)和关键要素(也称特殊要素),产品的特殊要素是创造的而不是继承的。缺乏自然资源禀赋可以促使国家创造特殊要素。特殊要素包括:熟练劳动力、资本和基础设施。当然,特殊要素需要大量的、持续不断的投资,因此很难被复制,就变得更有价值,就可以导致竞争优势。普通要素如非熟练劳动力和未加工的原材料可以被任何公司轻易获得,就不能形成可持续的竞争优势。不过,波特认为这些要素是动态的,是可以被加固、创新和特殊化的。
需求条件,国内需求特点。一个经济体中顾客需求越挑剔,企业面临不断改进技术、提高质量和产品创新的压力就越大。如果一个企业的客户群非常挑剔,企业将尽最大努力去改进产品质量和进行产品创新,将能够超出同地区企业获得全球竞争优势。
相关支持产业,是指与企业生产密切相关的产品价值链上的产业和提供相关补充产品的企业。这些产业倾向于组成产业集群,而且没有什么明显的理由。
企业战略、结构和竞争对手,这些要素决定国家竞争力,影响企业的建立、组织和管理,以及国内竞争和产业进入壁垒。世界受控于动态要素,直接竞争推动企业不断提高生产力和进行产品创新。
除了这四个要素之外,在波特的钻石模型中还有两个偶然要素:政府角色和机会。
Introduction

本书是笔者在博士论文研究的基础上写成。笔者在韩国启明大学攻读博士学位,论文以英文完成,因此本书总体框架上分为两大部分:英文部分和中文部分,以英文内容为基础,在翻译成中文后又根据现实情况的变化做了一些修改补充。
本书的主要研究内容是中韩两国纺织业的竞争力对比。纺织业在中韩两国都是经济中的传统支柱产业,两国纺织产业都在世界上占有举足轻重的地位。特别是,韩国纺织业对世界市场流行的影响越来越明显。本研究通过调查两国纺织企业收集数据,运用波特的钻石模型分析两国纺织产业的战略等要素异同,对比两国纺织产业竞争力,并分析了竞争力的来源。本书具体内容分为五大部分:第一章 绪论,陈述研究目的和范围;第二章 定性分析中韩两国纺织产业的地位和现状;第三章 文献综述,说明本研究的理论背景和基础模型;第四章 提出研究假设和研究模型,并显示结果;第五章 得出结论,并指出贡献与不足。
尽管已经有许多论文集中运用波特钻石模型对比研究两国竞争力,他们不断改进波特的钻石模型,从单个的钻石模型发展到双钻石模型(偌格曼,1991;摩恩等,1998;邓宁,2003):将政府变量由外生变量转换成内生变量,因为对于国家竞争力来说,政府因素是一个主要因素(崔,摩恩和金,2008),他们大多致力于宏观比较,并没有注意到生产者的竞争力决定产业的竞争力。另外的学者深入探讨影响生产者竞争力的主要因素(格兰特,199l;杰西门,2000),但是,他们却忽视了钻石模型的作用。因此,本书将汲取前辈学者的研究成果,将钻石模型引入微观领域一一纺织企业的竞争力研究。

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