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Jingdong book

意愿与自由：奥古斯丁意愿概念的道德心理学解读

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意愿与自由：奥古斯丁意愿概念的道德心理学解读

Name: 意愿与自由：奥古斯丁意愿概念的道德心理学解读
Brand: Jingdong book
SKU: 3116017751
Price: 31.58 USD
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奥古斯丁对意愿及其自由决断的反思，尤其是他晚年有关自由和恩典的主张，从他在世之时就一直是争议的焦点。当代的奥古斯丁研究大多着墨于必然性与自由、恩典与自由意志、罪与自由选择等论题，而本书则另辟蹊径，着力探讨奥古斯丁意愿概念的心理维度及其伦理学后果。它力图解释为什么是意愿而不是其他心理活动，在奥古斯丁的哲学心理学中成为道德责任的根基。本书通过考察奥古斯丁对意愿的历史性和现实性的洞察，揭示他对人性的精微而深刻的洞察，这不仅填补国际奥古斯丁研究中的一个重要空白，而且从道德心理学的角度证明其哲学思想的活力和与当代哲学反思的相关性。

Content Description

《意愿与自由：奥古斯丁意愿概念的道德心理学解读》分为两个部分：第一部分剖析意愿作为心理能力的特征与功能，而第二部分则论证意愿如何能成为道德能力，决定我们行为的自由、主体性和责任，《意愿与自由：奥古斯丁意愿概念的道德心理学解读》通过考察奥古斯丁对意愿的历史性和现实性的洞察，揭示他对人性的精微而深刻的洞察，这不仅填补国际奥古斯丁研究中的一个重要空白，而且从道德心理学的角度证明其哲学思想的活力和与当代哲学反思的相关性。奥古斯丁对意愿(uolunatas)她极其自由决断的反思，尤其是他晚年有关自由和恩典的主张，从他在世之时就一直是争议的焦点。当代的奥古斯丁研究大多着墨于必然性与自由、恩典与自由意志、罪与自由选择等论题，而《意愿与自由：奥古斯丁意愿概念的道德心理学解读》则另辟蹊径，着力探讨奥古斯丁意愿概念的心理维度及其伦理学后果。它力图解释为什么是意愿而不是其他心理活动，在奥古斯丁的哲学心理学中成为道德责任的根基。

Author Description

吴天岳，贵州安顺人，北京大学哲学系讲师，比利时鲁汶大学博士。主要研究领域为古希腊罗马哲学、教父哲学与中世纪哲学，相关领域著有数篇英文论文刊行于国际学术刊物。

Catalogue

序言
导论
第一部分意愿作为心灵的根本动力
第一章肉欲与意愿
第一节肉欲的发生与意愿的无力
一、术语辨析：肉欲与性欲，肉体与身体
二、性欲与意愿的无力
三、不服从意愿的肉欲与对肉欲的斥责
四、性欲与灵魂的其他情感
五、欲念与饥渴
第二节肉欲是一种自愿倾向吗？

第二章情感的发生与意愿
第一节《上帝之城》第九卷和第十四卷中的情感理论
第二节情感的最初波动与意愿
一、塞涅卡论情感的“最初波动”
二、奥古斯丁对“最初波动”的早期反思
三、《三一论》卷十二中的最初波动

第三章罪与罚中的羞感与意愿
第一节卢克莱提亚羞感的悖谬
第二节亚当和夏娃的羞与肉欲

第四章理智和意愿
第一节重思奥古斯丁早期著作中的美好生活概念86
第二节 “无知”（Ignorantia）与“无力”（infirmitas）：人性的初始状态98
第三节知识（Scientia）与爱（Caritas）

第二部分意愿的自由与道德主体性
第五章意愿的独立性
第一节奥古斯丁论意愿存在的自明性
第二节意愿独立性的形而上学基础
一、《论灵魂的不朽》中心灵的独立性
二、《论自由决断》第一卷中的心灵的独立性
三、《论自由决断》第三卷论意愿的原因
四、《上帝之城》第十二卷论最初的恶的意愿
第三节意愿独立性的心理学论证

第六章自由决断（Liberumarbitrium）与自由（Libertas）
第一节理想的自由与现实的自由
第二节奥古斯丁研究中的自由决断（liberumarbitrium）和自由（libertas）
第三节自由决断与自由选择
一、奥古斯丁早期著作中的自由决断
二、尤利安论意愿和自由决断
三、奥古斯丁对尤利安自由决断观念的批评
第四节自由（Libertas）与善的意愿

第七章意愿与道德责任
第一节意愿与有意之罪
第二节意愿与无意之罪（involuntarysin）
一、奥古斯丁研究中的“无意之罪”
二、习性（Consuetudo）与道德责任
三、肉欲（Concupiscentia）与道德责任

第八章神圣恩典与自由意愿
第一节神圣必然性与人的意愿（Necessitasdiuinaetuoluntashumana）：从预知到预定
一、《论自由决断》第三卷中的神圣预知与自由意愿
二、《上帝之城》第五卷和《〈若望福音〉布道辞》第53篇中的神圣预知与自由意愿
三、与“半裴拉基派”论争中的神圣预定和自由意愿
第二节信仰的发端：例证上帝准备的意愿
一、奥古斯丁“信仰的发端”观念的发展
二、权能与意愿：对奥古斯丁晚年“信仰的发端”观念的理论反思
结论
参考文献
一、缩写
二、原始文献
1．奥古斯丁著作集：缩写、拉丁书名、中文译名、版本以及翻译
2．其它古代作家著作
三、研究文献
主题索引
奥古斯丁著作出处索引
后记

Book Abstract

第二点需要质疑的是性欲当受谴责是否在于其对意愿的不服从，索拉布吉断言这是奥古斯丁贬斥性欲的哲学根基。然而，在此前关于肉体（caro）含义的讨论中，我们已经阐明，奥古斯丁把肉欲看作道德上的恶，是因为它使我们倾向于按照肉体的需要而不是按心灵的灵性渴求生活。它当受责难，因为它剥夺了人的属灵价值，把人降格到动物的层面。奥古斯丁认为，动物也有欲念，但它们的欲念却不是恶，因为在它们那里欲念并不对抗理性。简言之，肉欲之所以在人这一理性生物这里成为问题，是因为它威胁到人性的属灵维度。考虑到这一点，性欲对意愿的叛逆应当更确切地解释为性欲之为恶的重要标志而不是其原因。
此外，只有当欲念所不服从的意愿是善的意愿时，这一不服从才能充当性欲之为恶的指标。奥古斯丁在强调乐园中没有性欲和其他让人困扰的情感时已经暗示了这一点：“正如乐园中没有极端的冷或热，在乐园的定居者那里也不会产生欲望或是恐惧，阻碍他的善的意愿（60n。uoluntas）。”奥古斯丁在这里着力指出意愿的正当性，这决不是无的放矢。举例来说，如果性器官的活动所不服从的是想要通奸的意愿，那么这一反叛显然不应受责难。在这一情形下，我们可以想象奥古斯丁仍然会认为性欲作为肉欲的一种典型形式，它难逃谴责。因为，它使我们想要享受尘世中可以朽坏的东西，这无疑会降低人作为灵性的造物的尊严。在这一特定的案例中，性欲的缺席，并不意味着肉欲这一灵魂病态的倾向已经彻底根除。

Introduction

自由决断（1iberum arbitrium）问题和意愿（uoluntas）的作用乃是奥古斯丁思考和写作中的核心问题。这位古代晚期的基督教思想家对西方思想的决定性影响延续到18世纪，毫无疑问促成了我们今天仍然使用的意愿概念的形成，不仅是在哲学论辩中，而且也表现在我们处理道德责任问题时的日常语言中。吴天岳这位年轻的哲学家，来自一个完全不同的文化传统，却有勇气研究这一核心难题，而没有被关于这一主题浩如烟海的二手文献吓倒，这非常值得赞扬。他的著作有一个明确的焦点：即对意愿作为灵魂官能的功用的哲学追问，以便更好地把握意愿对于我们理解道德责任的重要性。
在第一部分中，作者系统地探究意愿作为心理现象和其他心理活动的关系，从非理性的情感到理智认识。这一研究进路首先考察了奥古斯丁对肉欲（concupiscentia carnis）这一圣经概念极富煽动性的解释：肉欲乃是不可控制的灵魂情感性活动，它标示出意愿本质的无力。然而，意愿在情感的形成中起着一定作用，它默许灵魂前意愿（pre-voli-tional）的活动（在斯多亚派的术语中称为情感发端或“最初波动”）。在对奥古斯丁情感理论的一般性叙述之后的一章中，是对羞这一感觉的深刻剖析，展示出意愿在这一初看起来只是单纯的非反思性情感中的内涵。

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