高等院校双语教学适用教材·经济学：宏观经济学（双语经济学英文版）（第6版）

《宏观经济学(第6版)》与现有中级宏观经济学教科书相比，具有内容全面和讲述透彻的优点。其行文深入浅出，饶有风趣。不仅是中级宏观经济学的优秀教科书，还可供学界以及对宏观经济学感兴趣的其他人士参考和使用。

本书在涵盖传统的宏观经济学教学内容的同时，也纳入了长期经济增长和世界经济一体化等方面的新进展。作者在叙述中大量引用近期的经济现象，对各国的财政和金融政策进行了很多分析和比较，深入浅出地阐述了宏观经济学基本理论及其在实践中的运用。
本书与现有中级宏观经济学教科书相比，具有内容全面和讲述透彻的优点。其行文深入浅出，饶有风趣。不仅是中级宏观经济学的优秀教科书，还可供学界以及对宏观经济学感兴趣的其他人士参考和使用。

安德鲁·B.亚伯，现为宾夕法尼亚大学经济学教授与沃顿商学院Ronald A.Rosenfeld金融学教授。他以最优成绩获普林斯顿大学学士学位，并获麻省理工大学博士学位。亚伯在财政政策、资本形成、货币政策、资产定价以及社会保障等领域发表了大量文章，同时也担任大量学术期刊的编委。亚伯曾任费城联邦储备银行访问学者，国会预算办公室经济顾问组成员，国民经济研究局的副研究员。
本·S.伯南克，普林斯顿大学Howard Harrison与Gabnelle Snyder经济学和公共关系教授。他以最优成绩获哈佛大学经济学学士学位，并在麻省理工学院获得博士学位。伯南克于1979年在斯坦福商学院开始其教学生涯，于1985年转到普林斯顿大学任教。他在宏观经济学、宏观经济史以及金融学方面发表的论文多达60余篇，以研究美国20年代大萧条而闻名。于2006年起接替格林斯潘担任美国联邦储备委员会主席。
迪安·克劳斯，里奇蒙大学Robins商学院经济学助理教授。他在俄亥俄州立大学获得经济学学士学位和博士学位。于1984年在宾夕法尼亚大学开始其教学生涯，5年后他转到费城联邦储备银行担任副总裁和经济学家。2003年他又回到里奇蒙大学任教。

第1篇 导论
第1章 宏观经济学概述
1.1 宏观经济学研究什么
长期经济增长
经济周期
失业
通货膨胀
国际经济
宏观经济政策
加总
1.2 宏观经济学家做什么
宏观经济预测
宏观经济分析
宏观经济研究
专栏1.1 经济理论的提出与检验
数据搜集
1.3 为什么宏观经济学家会产生意见分歧
古典主义者与凯恩斯主义者
整合的宏观经济学研究方法

第2章 国民经济的衡量与结构
2.1 国民收入核算：对生产、收入和支出的衡量
走近宏观经济：国民收入和产品账户
为什么这三种方法结果是一样的
2.2 国内生产总值
衡量GDP的产品法
专栏2.1 自然资源、环境和国民收入账户
衡量GDP的支出法
衡量GDP的收入法
2.3 储蓄和财富
总储蓄的衡量
私人储蓄的用途
储蓄与财富的关系
应用财富与储蓄
2.4 实际GDP、物价指数以及通货膨胀
实际GDP
物价指数
专栏2.2 电脑革命与环比加权GDP
专栏2.3 GPI通货膨胀是否高估了生活成本的上升
2.5 利率
实际利率与名义利率

第2篇 经济的长期表现
第3章 生产率、产出与就业
3.1 一个经济能生产多少?生产函数
应用美国经济的生产函数与美国的生产率增长
生产函数的形状
供给冲击
3.2 劳动需求
劳动边际产量与劳动需求：一个例子
工资的变动
劳动边际产量与劳动需求曲线
导致劳动需求曲线移动的因素
劳动总需求
3.3 劳动供给
收入一闲暇的权衡取舍
实际工资与劳动供给
劳动供给曲线
劳动总供给
应用比较美国与欧洲的劳动力市场
3.4 劳动力市场均衡
充分就业产出
应用石油价格冲击下的产出、就业与实际工资
应用技术变革与工资差距
3.5 失业
失业的衡量
走近宏观经济：劳动力市场的数据
就业状况的改变
人们失业的时间有多长
为什么总有人失业
3.6 产出与就业的关系：奥肯定律

第4章 消费、储蓄和投资
4.1 消费和储蓄
个人消费和储蓄决策
当前收入变动的影响
预期未来收入变动的影响
应用消费者情绪与消费者支出预测
财富变动的影响
实际利率变动的影响
财政政策
走近宏观经济：利率
应用李嘉图式减税
4.2 投资
意愿资本存量
意愿资本存量的变化
应用衡量税收对投资的影响
从意愿资本存量到投资
库存和住宅的投资
专栏41投资与股票市场
4.3 产品市场均衡
储蓄一投资图
应用股票价格涨落的宏观经济影响

第5章 开放经济中的储蓄与投资
5.1 国际收支核算
经常账户
走近宏观经济：国际收支账户
资本与金融账户
经常账户与资本和金融账户之间的关系
专栏5.1 火星上有经常账户盈余吗
国外净资产与国际收支账户
应用美国：国际债务国
5.2 开放经济中的产品市场均衡
5.3 小型开放经济中的储蓄与投资
小型开放经济中经济冲击的影响
5.4 大型开放经济中的储蓄与投资
应用全球化对美国经济的影响
应用美国经常账户赤字的近期发展趋势
5.5 财政政策与经常账户
关键因素：国民储蓄的反应
政府预算赤字与国民储蓄
应用双赤字

第6章 长期经济增长
6.1 经济增长的源泉
增长核算
应用1973年后生产率增长的减缓
应用近期美国生产率的快速增长

第3篇 经济周期与宏观经济政策
第4篇 宏观经济政策：环境与机构

Measuring the cyclical behavior of labor utilization is more difficult, but vari ous studies have found evidence that the utilization rate of labor is also procyclical. For example, Jon Fay and James Medoff of Harvard University sent question naires to large manufacturing enterprises, asking about employment and produc tion during the most recent downturn experienced at each plant. Fay and Medoff found that during a downturn the average plant surveyed cut production by 31％ and cut its total use of bfuecollar hours to 23％ below the normal level. Plant man agers estimated that total hours could have been reduced by an additional 6％ of the normal level without further reducing output. Of this 6％ of normal hours, about half （3％ of normal hours） were typically assigned to various types of useful work, including equipment maintenance and overhaul, painting, cleaning, reworking output, and training. The remaining 3％ of normal hours were assigned to "make work" and other unproductive activities. These numbers suggest that firms utilize labor less intensively during recessions.
The tendency to use workers less intensively in recessions than in expansions has been referred to as labor hoarding. Labor hoarding occurs when, because of the costs of firing and hiring workers, firms retain some workers in a recession that they would otherwise lay off. Firms keep these workers on the payroll to avoid the costs of laying off workers and then rehiring them or hiring and training new workers when the economy revives. Hoarded labor either works less hard during the recession （there is less to do） or is put to work doing tasks, such as maintaining equipment, that arent measured as part of the firms output. When the economy revives, the hoarded labor goes back to working in the normal way. In much the same way, it may not pay the restaurant owner to send her workers home between the hmch and dinner rush hours, with the result that restaurant workers are less productive during the slow afternoon period. This lower rate of productivity during recessions （or during the afternoon slow period, in the restaurant） doesnt reflect changes in the available technology, but only changes in the rate at which firms utilize capital and labor. Hence you should be cautious about interpreting cyclical changes in the Solow residual （equivalently, total factor productivity, A） as solely reflecting changes in technology.

Since February 2006， Ben Bemanke has been chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Federal ethics rules prohibited him from making substantive contributions to the sixth edition. Dean Croushore， associate professor of economics and Rigsby Fellow at the University of Richmond， has helped prepare this new edition as a coauthor. Dean has been closely associated with Macro- economics since the first edition， having written or co-written the Instructors Manual and Test Bank for the first through fifth editions， the Study Guide for the third through fifth editions， and having assisted with manuscript preparation in previous editions， taking a major role in the fifth edition. Dean has been able to draw on his fourteen years of experience at the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia， twelve of which as head of the Macroeconomics Section， as well as his teaching experience at Penn State University， Temple University， the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania， Johns Hopkins University， Princeton University， and the University of Richmond， to help keep the book fresh， applied to real-world economic developments， and appealing to students.
In the sixth edition， we have added new material to keep the text up-to-date， while building on the strengths that underlie the books lasting appeal to Instructors and students， Including. Real-world applications. A perennial challenge for instructors is to help students make active use of the economic ideas developed in the text. The rich variety of applications in this book shows by example how economic concepts can be put to work in explaining real-world issues such as the contrasting behavior of unemployment in the United States and Europe， the slowdown and revival in productivity growth， the challenges facing the Social Security system and the Federal budget， the impact of globalization on the U.S. economy， and alternative approaches to making monetary policy. The sixth edition offers new applications as well as updates of the best applications and analyses of previous editions.